Potensi Teh Rosela (Hibiscus sabdariffa) dan Daun Sambung Nyawa (Gynura procumbens) Sebagai Diet Antiobesitas

Putu ISL Dewi; Kadek MN Pamungkas; Erick K Tandiono

doi:10.28932/jmh.v5i2.3835

Authors

Putu ISL Dewi Study Program of Bachelor of Medicine and Doctor Profession, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
Kadek MN Pamungkas Study Program of Bachelor of Medicine and Doctor Profession, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
Erick K Tandiono Study Program of Bachelor of Medicine and Doctor Profession, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.28932/jmh.v5i2.3835

Keywords:

rosela, daun sambung nyawa, antiobesitas

Abstract

Menurut WHO pada tahun 2014, lebih dari 1,9 milyar populasi dunia mengalami overweight dan 600 juta di antaranya dengan obesitas. Kondisi ini disebabkan oleh asupan kalori yang melebihi pengeluaran energi disertai berbagai faktor. Modalitas terapi yang ada saat ini terbatas pada diet, farmakoterapi, dan operasi. Tujuan dibuatnya literature review ini yaitu menemukan tanaman obat yang berpotensi sebagai antiobesitas. Studi ini menggunakan metode tinjauan pustaka dengan mengumpulkan sumber dari literatur ilmiah seperti WHO, PubMed, dan Google Scholar. Ekstrak Hibiscus sabdariffa ditemukan dapat menurunkan oxysterols dan meningkatkan ekskresi asam palmitat di feses yang penting dalam mengontrol glukosa dan lemak. Ekstrak ini menginhibisi SREBP-1c, PPARγ, lipase pankreas, serta ekspresi PPARγ dan C/EBPα. Ekstrak Gynura procumbens mampu menurunkan pembentukan LDL sehingga berefek terhadap kolesterol dan lemak lain serta memiliki efek kardioprotektif. Ekstrak ini dapat meningkatkan ekspresi gen PPAR-α yang meningkatkan oksidasi asam lemak dan menginduksi aktivitas lipoprotein lipase. Teh rosela dibuat baik dengan metode infusi, decoction, maupun maserasi. Teh daun sambung nyawa dikonstruksi melalui deaktivasi enzim primer dan sekunder, rolling, pembekuan, serta vacuum freeze-drying. Kombinasi keduanya akan dibuat menjadi bentuk teh, kemudian diadministrasikan secara peroral. Disimpulkan bahwa, kombinasi teh rosela dan daun sambung nyawa mengandung senyawa antiobesitas yang berpotensi sebagai terapi untuk penderita obesitas.

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